MYSQLCHECK(1)

NAME
mysqlcheck - a table maintenance program

SYNOPSIS

mysqlcheck [options] [db_name [tbl_name ...]]

DESCRIPTION

The mysqlcheck client performs table maintenance: It checks, repairs, optimizes, or analyzes tables.

Each table is locked and therefore unavailable to other sessions while it is being processed, although for check operations, the table is locked with a READ lock only (see Section 12.4.5, “LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES Syntax”, for more information about READ and WRITE locks). Table maintenance operations can be time-consuming, particularly for large tables. If you use the --databases or --all-databases option to process all tables in one or more databases, an invocation of mysqlcheck might take a long time. (This is also true for mysql_upgrade because that program invokes mysqlcheck to check all tables and repair them if necessary.)

mysqlcheck is similar in function to myisamchk, but works differently. The main operational difference is that mysqlcheck must be used when the mysqld server is running, whereas myisamchk should be used when it is not. The benefit of using mysqlcheck is that you do not have to stop the server to perform table maintenance.

mysqlcheck uses the SQL statements CHECK TABLE, REPAIR TABLE, ANALYZE TABLE, and OPTIMIZE TABLE in a convenient way for the user. It determines which statements to use for the operation you want to perform, and then sends the statements to the server to be executed. For details about which storage engines each statement works with, see the descriptions for those statements in Section 12.5.2, “Table Maintenance Statements”.

The MyISAM storage engine supports all four maintenance operations, so mysqlcheck can be used to perform any of them on MyISAM tables. Other storage engines do not necessarily support all operations. In such cases, an error message is displayed. For example, if test.t is a MEMORY table, an attempt to check it produces this result:

    shell> mysqlcheck test t
    test.t
    note     : The storage engine for the table doesn't support check

If mysqlcheck is unable to repair a table, see Section 2.18.4, “Rebuilding or Repairing Tables or Indexes” for manual table repair strategies. This will be the case, for example, for InnoDB tables, which can be checked with CHECK TABLE, but not repaired with REPAIR TABLE.

    Caution

    It is best to make a backup of a table before performing a table repair operation; under some circumstances the operation might cause data loss. Possible causes include but are not limited to file system errors.

There are three general ways to invoke mysqlcheck:

    shell> mysqlcheck [options] db_name [tables]
    shell> mysqlcheck [options] --databases db_name1 [db_name2 db_name3...]
    shell> mysqlcheck [options] --all-databases

If you do not name any tables following db_name or if you use the --databases or --all-databases option, entire databases are checked.

mysqlcheck has a special feature compared to other client programs. The default behavior of checking tables (--check) can be changed by renaming the binary. If you want to have a tool that repairs tables by default, you should just make a copy of mysqlcheck named mysqlrepair, or make a symbolic link to mysqlcheck named mysqlrepair. If you invoke mysqlrepair, it repairs tables.

The following names can be used to change mysqlcheck default behavior.
mysqlrepair | The default option is --repair
mysqlanalyze | The default option is --analyze
mysqloptimize | The default option is --optimize

mysqlcheck supports the options in the following list. It also reads option files and supports the options for processing them described at Section 4.2.3.3.1, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

    • --help, -?

    Display a help message and exit.

    • --all-databases, -A

    Check all tables in all databases. This is the same as using the --databases option and naming all the databases on the command line.

    • --all-in-1, -1

    Instead of issuing a statement for each table, execute a single statement for each database that names all the tables from that database to be processed.

    • --analyze, -a

    Analyze the tables.

    • --auto-repair

    If a checked table is corrupted, automatically fix it. Any necessary repairs are done after all tables have been checked.

    • --character-sets-dir=path

    The directory where character sets are installed. See Section 9.2, “The Character Set Used for Data and Sorting”.

    • --check, -c

    Check the tables for errors. This is the default operation.

    • --check-only-changed, -C

    Check only tables that have changed since the last check or that have not been closed properly.

    • --check-upgrade, -g

    Invoke CHECK TABLE with the FOR UPGRADE option to check tables for incompatibilities with the current version of the server. This option was added in MySQL 5.0.19.

    • --compress

    Compress all information sent between the client and the server if both support compression.

    • --databases, -B

    Process all tables in the named databases. Normally, mysqlcheck treats the first name argument on the command line as a database name and following names as table names. With this option, it treats all name arguments as database names.

    • --debug[=debug_options], -# [debug_options]

    Write a debugging log. A typical debug_options string is 'd:t:o,file_name'. The default is 'd:t:o'.

    • --default-character-set=charset_name

    Use charset_name as the default character set. See Section 9.2, “The Character Set Used for Data and Sorting”.

    • --extended, -e

    If you are using this option to check tables, it ensures that they are 100% consistent but takes a long time.

    If you are using this option to repair tables, it runs an extended repair that may not only take a long time to execute, but may produce a lot of garbage rows also!

    • --fast, -F

    Check only tables that have not been closed properly.

    • --force, -f

    Continue even if an SQL error occurs.

    • --host=host_name, -h host_name

    Connect to the MySQL server on the given host.

    • --medium-check, -m

    Do a check that is faster than an --extended operation. This finds only 99.99% of all errors, which should be good enough in most cases.

    • --optimize, -o

    Optimize the tables.

    • --password[=password], -p[password]

    The password to use when connecting to the server. If you use the short option form (-p), you cannot have a space between the option and the password. If you omit the password value following the --password or -p option on the command line, you are prompted for one.

    Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure. See Section 5.5.6.2, “End-User Guidelines for Password Security”.

    • --pipe, -W

    On Windows, connect to the server via a named pipe. This option applies only for connections to a local server, and only if the server supports named-pipe connections.

    • --port=port_num, -P port_num

    The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection.

    • --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}

    The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally would cause a protocol to be used other than the one you want. For details on the allowable values, see Section 4.2.2, “Connecting to the MySQL Server”.

    • --quick, -q

    If you are using this option to check tables, it prevents the check from scanning the rows to check for incorrect links. This is the fastest check method.

    If you are using this option to repair tables, it tries to repair only the index tree. This is the fastest repair method.

    • --repair, -r

    Perform a repair that can fix almost anything except unique keys that are not unique.

    • --silent, -s

    Silent mode. Print only error messages.

    • --socket=path, -S path

    For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.

    • --ssl*

    Options that begin with --ssl specify whether to connect to the server via SSL and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates. See Section 5.5.7.3, “SSL Command Options”.

    • --tables

    Override the --databases or -B option. All name arguments following the option are regarded as table names.

    • --use-frm

    For repair operations on MyISAM tables, get the table structure from the .frm file so that the table can be repaired even if the .MYI header is corrupted.

    • --user=user_name, -u user_name

    The MySQL user name to use when connecting to the server.

    • --verbose, -v

    Verbose mode. Print information about the various stages of program operation.

    • --version, -V

    Display version information and exit.

COPYRIGHT

Copyright 2007-2008 MySQL AB, 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.

This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

SEE ALSO
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual, which may already be installed locally and which is also available online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.

AUTHOR
Sun Microsystems, Inc. (http://www.mysql.com/).